Capacity Development Tools

This publication aims to provide National Tax Administrations with a methodology to identify and measure Tax Transaction Costs for taxpayers and tax institutions, assisting in the identification of possible policy reforms aimed at reducing these costs, while fostering greater tax compliance. The recommendations are based on good practices and build upon the inputs from several developing countries and the pilot implementation of the methodology in Costa Rica and Uruguay. Subsequently, the methodology was also used by tax administrations in Brazil and Chile.

This collection of papers provides practical guidance to developing countries to effectively negotiate double tax treaties, especially those drawing upon the United Nations Model Double Taxation Convention between Developed and Developing Countries.The papers were drafted with attention to the specific needs and priorities of developing countries and build upon inputs provided by officials from Ministries of Finance and National Tax Authorities in 35 developing countries in different regions.